Picardy Spaniel 🌿

Picardy Spaniel

Spaniel / FCI Group 7 · Purebred · France's oldest spaniel — a gentle, capable bird dog from the marshlands of northern France with centuries of documented history and a calm, devoted family temperament

43–55 lbsWeight
22–24 inHeight
13–15 yrsLifespan
Moderate–HighEnergy

🐾 Overview

The Picardy Spaniel (Épagneul Picard in French) is considered the oldest of the French spaniel breeds, with documented history stretching back to the 14th century. Originating in the Picardy region of northern France — a landscape of marshes, wetlands, and agricultural plains — the breed was developed as a versatile bird dog capable of hunting in water, dense reeds, and open fields. Medieval French hunting tapestries and manuscripts depict spaniel-type dogs closely resembling the modern Picardy Spaniel, making it one of the oldest sporting breeds with continuous documentation.

Despite its ancient lineage, the Picardy Spaniel came close to extinction in the early 20th century as English sporting breeds gained popularity in France. A dedicated group of French breeders revived and standardized the breed, and it received FCI recognition under Group 7. Today the Picardy Spaniel is considered a national heritage breed in France but remains very rare outside its native country — an extraordinary hunting and family companion that few outside France have had the opportunity to discover.

📸 Photo Gallery

Real Picardy Spaniels — browse photos showcasing their elegant brown-and-white appearance, wavy coat, and soulful expression.

😊 Temperament & Personality

The Picardy Spaniel is known for its exceptionally gentle, calm disposition — more serene than most sporting breeds while still maintaining the alertness and drive needed for field work. It is one of the most family-friendly gun dogs in the French tradition.

  • Gentle, calm, and affectionate — notably serene for a gun dog
  • Devoted and loyal; bonds deeply with all family members
  • Excellent with children — patient and kind
  • Gets along well with other dogs; sociable and non-aggressive
  • Sensitive temperament — does not cope well with harsh training or conflict in the household
  • Eager to please, making it relatively easy to train despite its independent spaniel nature

🏃 Exercise & Activity Needs

  • Daily exercise: 45–75 minutes — moderate for a sporting breed
  • Enjoys long walks, swimming, and field work in all weather conditions
  • Adapts reasonably well to suburban life if exercised adequately
  • Mental stimulation through training and nose work prevents boredom
  • More adaptable to quieter days than many gun dogs, but needs regular activity
  • Excellent water dog — enjoys swimming and water retrieves

✂️ Grooming & Coat Care

  • Medium-length, slightly wavy coat with feathering on ears, legs, and tail
  • Chestnut-brown and white coat with characteristic ticking or roan patterning
  • Brushing 2–3 times per week prevents tangles in feathered areas
  • Ears need weekly cleaning — long spaniel ears trap moisture and debris
  • Bathe every 4–6 weeks; trim feathering to prevent matting after fieldwork
  • Nails every 3–4 weeks

🎓 Training

  • Gentle, positive training works best — this is a sensitive breed
  • Eager to please and relatively straightforward to train for a spaniel
  • Natural hunting instincts (pointing, flushing, retrieving) emerge with little prompting
  • Early socialization produces a confident, well-mannered companion
  • Responds poorly to harsh corrections — patience and consistency are key
  • Well-suited to hunt tests, obedience, and tracking sports

🏥 Health & Common Issues

The Picardy Spaniel is a robust, long-lived breed with relatively few hereditary problems, benefiting from centuries of natural selection as a working dog and responsible breeding practices in France.

Hip dysplasia (screen breeding stock) Ear infections (long spaniel ears) Eye conditions (periodic checks) Epilepsy (rare but documented in some lines)
Average Lifespan
13–15 years
Size Category
Medium · 43–55 lbs
Vet Visits
Annual wellness; hip screening; ear care
Pet Insurance
Recommended

🏠 Is a Picardy Spaniel Right for You?

The Picardy Spaniel is one of the best-kept secrets in the dog world — a gentle, long-lived, beautiful breed that excels as both a working gun dog and a calm family companion. If you can find one (outside France this requires significant effort), you will have a devoted, elegant, and historically significant dog that brings centuries of French hunting heritage into your home. It is well-suited to active families and hunters who want a softer-tempered, easy-to-live-with sporting breed.

👶With Kids★★★★★
🐕With Dogs★★★★★
🐈With Cats★★★☆☆
🏠Apartment★★★☆☆
🔰First-Time Owner★★★★☆
🌡️Cold Climates★★★★☆

🍽️ How Much to Feed a Picardy Spaniel

Puppy (8–12 weeks)
3–4 meals/day — medium breed puppy formula
Puppy (3–6 months)
3 meals/day
Adult (1+ years)
2 meals/day
Senior (10+ years)
2 smaller meals/day

📏 Daily Portion Guide

43 lbs (less active)
1¾–2¼ cups/day
50 lbs (average active)
2¼–2¾ cups/day
55 lbs (working / very active)
2¾–3 cups/day

✅ Best Foods for Picardy Spaniels

  • High-quality protein for an active, medium-sized sporting dog
  • Omega-3 fatty acids for coat quality and joint support
  • Maintain lean body condition — obesity shortens lifespan in active breeds
  • Joint supplements from age 6 onward, especially for active hunting dogs
  • Adequate hydration always important; this breed swims and works in wet conditions

🚫 Dangerous Foods

ChocolateGrapes & RaisinsOnions & GarlicXylitolMacadamia NutsAlcoholAvocado

💡 Tip: Boarding your Picardy Spaniel?

The Picardy Spaniel's gentle, sociable nature makes it a good boarder once settled. Its sensitivity means it benefits from a calm, low-stress environment — avoid high-energy, noisy facilities. Choose a boarding kennel with outdoor access and staff experienced with gun dogs. The breed's patience and non-aggressive character make it easy for facility staff to handle. Bring a familiar item from home to ease the first night.

💰 How Much Does a Picardy Spaniel Cost?

Reputable Breeder (France)
$800–$1,800
Imported to US
$2,500–$5,000+
Rescue/Adoption
$100–$400
Avoid ⚠️
Extremely rare outside France; verify SCC/LOF registration

📅 Monthly Cost

Budget approximately $110–$190 per month for a Picardy Spaniel.

Food
$50–$80/month
Vet (annual)
$400–$700/year
Pet insurance
$32–$58/month
Grooming
$30–$50/month (feathered coat)

🧬 Picardy Spaniel Mix Breeds

Picardy Spaniel mixes are exceptionally rare — the breed's small population, concentrated almost entirely in France, means deliberate crosses are nearly unknown outside specialist hunting circles. The breed is maintained as a purebred hunting dog with strict registry oversight.

🐾 Picardy Spaniel × Brittany

Two French hunting spaniels combined — an energetic, compact bird dog with the Picardy's calmness and the Brittany's versatility and athleticism. Strong pointing and flushing instinct, excellent in upland and wetland hunting alike.

Size
30–50 lbs
Energy
High
Shedding
Moderate
Price
Extremely rare

🐾 Picardy Spaniel × English Springer Spaniel

A classic French and English spaniel cross — a robust, enthusiastic flushing dog with the Picardy's gentle nature and the Springer's proven versatility. Excellent family dog with strong field instincts and easy trainability.

Size
40–60 lbs
Energy
High
Shedding
Moderate
Price
Rare — price varies

🎉 Amazing Facts About Picardy Spaniels

  • 🏛️ The Picardy Spaniel's documented history makes it one of the oldest sporting breeds in the world. Medieval French hunting manuscripts and tapestries from the 14th century depict spaniel-type dogs in the Picardy region that closely match today's breed standard. This makes the Picardy Spaniel arguably older than many breeds that claim ancient origins without documentary evidence. The breed's name and regional identity have remained stable for over 600 years — an extraordinary continuity in the history of domestic dog breeds.
  • 🇬🇧 In an irony of dog breed history, the Picardy Spaniel nearly vanished in the early 20th century because of competition from English sporting breeds. When English Setters, English Pointers, and English Springer Spaniels became fashionable among French hunters in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, interest in traditional French spaniel breeds declined sharply. The Picardy Spaniel population dropped to critical levels — a French breed nearly eliminated by French hunters' preference for imported English dogs. Only dedicated preservation efforts in the post-WWI period saved it.
  • 🌊 The Picardy Spaniel was specifically developed for hunting in the marshlands and wetlands of the Picardy region — one of the most extensive wetland landscapes in northern France. This has produced a breed with a natural affinity for water that distinguishes it from many other spaniel breeds. Picardy Spaniels will enter cold, deep, or fast-moving water without hesitation to retrieve waterfowl, and their coat has a degree of natural water resistance well-suited to these conditions. Duck hunters in the Somme Valley have relied on the breed for centuries.
  • 🎨 The Picardy Spaniel's characteristic coat is a warm chestnut brown (marron) on a white background, with ticking or roan patterning producing a distinctive "dirty white" or liver-roan appearance. The coloring is practical — the chestnut and white combination provides visibility to hunters in field conditions while the roan ticking breaks up the dog's outline in reeds and marsh grass. The coat texture — slightly wavy, dense, and weatherproof — reflects centuries of selection for work in northern France's cold, wet hunting conditions.
  • 🌍 The Picardy Spaniel currently has a very small international presence outside France, with the most significant populations beyond French borders found in Canada (particularly Quebec, reflecting historical ties between French-speaking Canada and France) and a handful of enthusiasts in Belgium and Switzerland. North American interest in the breed has grown slowly, supported by the Épagneul Picard Club of North America. For those who encounter the breed, its combination of gentle temperament, working ability, and ancient history often creates immediate and lasting enthusiasm.

📋 Picardy Spaniel At a Glance

FCI Group
Group 7 — Pointing Dogs (Spaniels)
Origin
France (Picardy region) — documented 14th century
French Name
Épagneul Picard
Status
Rare outside France; French national heritage breed