Sporting Group · Purebred · England's golden-liver slow hunter — the only spaniel that barks on scent, built for dense Sussex hedgerows and nearly lost to two world wars
Watch this video for a quick overview of the Sussex Spaniel — see the breed in action before diving into the details below.
The Sussex Spaniel is one of the oldest and rarest of all spaniel breeds — a low-slung, golden-liver dog with a massively built, heavy body, long ears, and a distinctive frowning expression that belies its cheerful, affectionate nature. Developed in Sussex County, England, during the late 18th century by sportsman Augustus Elliott Fuller, the Sussex was purpose-built for hunting in the uniquely challenging terrain of southern England: dense hedgerows, thick undergrowth, and heavy clay soils that required a slow, methodical dog that would work closely at the hunter's heel rather than ranging widely. The Sussex's short legs, powerful body, and deliberate pace made it ideal for this dense-cover work.
The Sussex Spaniel holds a unique distinction among all spaniel breeds: it is the only spaniel that "gives tongue" (barks audibly) while following a scent trail — a hound-like quality selected for by Sussex hunters who needed to hear their dog working through dense vegetation where they couldn't see it. This melodious, howling cry while on scent is unlike any other spaniel's behavior and reflects possible hound blood somewhere in the breed's ancestry. The breed came terrifyingly close to extinction during World War II, when the challenges of wartime Britain reduced registered dogs to a handful — one breeder, Joy Freer, is credited with almost single-handedly saving the breed by maintaining a small kennel through both world wars. Today, global annual registrations remain in the low hundreds, placing the Sussex consistently among the world's rarest dog breeds.
Real Sussex Spaniels — browse photos showcasing their look, size, and personality.
Sussex Spaniels are known for being friendly, active, and eager to please. They form deep bonds with their families and thrive on consistent human connection. As a calmer breed, they suit owners who prefer a relaxed lifestyle and appreciate a dog content to lounge alongside them.
Training is generally a pleasure with Sussex Spaniels — they are responsive, motivated, and pick up commands quickly. They are typically gentle and patient with children, making them a reliable family companion.
Sussex Spaniels have modest exercise requirements that suit many different lifestyles. Short daily walks and gentle play sessions keep them happy and healthy without demanding a major time commitment.
Sussex Spaniels have a longer coat that requires consistent grooming to stay mat-free and healthy. Establishing a grooming routine early ensures your dog is comfortable being handled and brushed, which makes the process enjoyable for both of you.
Sussex Spaniels are moderately trainable and respond well to patient, consistent positive reinforcement. They benefit from clear expectations and a calm, confident trainer who establishes routines early.
Keep sessions short — 10 to 15 minutes — and always end on a success. Enrolling in a puppy or adult obedience class provides structured learning and valuable socialization.
Sussex Spaniels are generally healthy for their size, though regular screening helps catch issues early. Responsible breeders screen breeding stock for the most common conditions, significantly reducing risk in puppies from health-tested parents.
A Sussex Spaniel suits someone looking for a calmer, lower-energy companion. They are excellent for apartment living, retirees, or households with a quieter routine. They still benefit from daily walks and mental stimulation, but they won't demand the intensive commitment of high-energy breeds.
Sussex Spaniels need consistent, well-portioned meals matched to their life stage. Overfeeding is one of the biggest health risks for any dog — use these guidelines and adjust based on your dog's activity level and body condition.
These are general guidelines for a medium-breed dog. Always check the feeding instructions on your specific food brand, and adjust based on activity level and body condition score.
Look for dog foods where the first ingredient is a named protein — chicken, beef, salmon, or lamb. Medium or large-breed formulas are calibrated for their metabolism and nutritional needs.
These common human foods can be toxic — even life-threatening — for dogs. Keep them safely out of reach at all times.
Always bring your Sussex Spaniel's regular food when boarding. Switching food suddenly can cause digestive upset. Provide the facility your exact feeding schedule and portion sizes.
The upfront cost of a Sussex Spaniel is just the beginning. Here's a realistic breakdown of what to expect — both to acquire one and to own one for their lifetime.
Beyond the purchase price, owning a Sussex Spaniel costs between $120–$250 per month on average. Here's where the money goes:
Over a 10–13 year lifespan, a Sussex Spaniel typically costs between $12,000–$22,000 total — depending on health, lifestyle, and the services you use.
Pet insurance is worth considering for any breed. Buying before your dog turns 1 gives the best rates and fewest pre-existing condition exclusions. Compare 2–3 providers before committing.
Because Sussex Spaniels have such wonderful traits, they're a popular choice for intentional mixed breeding. Here are the most common — and most loved — Sussex Spaniel crosses.
Two English spaniels of similar heritage — the Sussex's golden-liver depth with the Cocker's merry, lighter frame and show-ring polish.
Sussex × Springer Spaniel. Low-slung, long-coated, enthusiastic — combining the Sussex's methodical close work with the Springer's energetic wide-ranging style.
Two heavy, low-slung British sporting spaniels — doubling down on the massive body, steady pace, and devoted temperament of England's most substantial spaniel types.
Sussex × Labrador Retriever. The Sussex's golden-liver coat with Labrador warmth and trainability — a devoted, moderate-energy companion with a love of the outdoors.
Sussex Spaniels are full of surprises. Here are some of the most fascinating, funny, and heartwarming facts about this breed.