Shih Tzu
Toy Group · #20 Most Popular in the US · The Lion Dog of the Chinese Imperial Court
9–16 lbsWeight
9–10.5"Height
10–18 yrsLifespan
Many ColorsColors
★★★★★Family Dog
Toy Group · #20 Most Popular in the US · The Lion Dog of the Chinese Imperial Court
Watch this video to get a feel for the Shih Tzu's personality and learn what life with one of the world's oldest companion breeds is really like.
The Shih Tzu (pronounced "sheed-zoo" or "sheet-sue" — both are accepted) is one of the oldest and most purely companion-focused dog breeds in the world. Their name means "lion dog" in Chinese, a nod to their resemblance to Chinese guardian lions. For centuries, they were bred exclusively for Chinese royalty and were never sold, traded, or gifted — ownership was restricted to the imperial palace.
Today's Shih Tzu carries that heritage in their personality — they are confident, charming, and aware of their own importance. They are small in body but large in personality, and they genuinely believe they belong on every piece of furniture and in every lap. Their long, flowing coat and pushed-in face make them one of the most recognizable toy breeds.
Real Shih Tzus — showcasing their flowing coats, sweet round faces, and that characteristic topknot.
Shih Tzus are happy, outgoing, and friendly little dogs whose entire reason for being is human companionship. They love everyone — adults, children, strangers, other dogs — and rarely show aggression. They were bred to be companion dogs, and they excel at exactly that. They thrive on attention and do not enjoy being ignored.
Unlike many toy breeds, Shih Tzus are not typically yappy or nervous. They are confident and sturdy despite their small size. They are playful but not overly energetic, making them ideal companions for apartment dwellers, older adults, and families alike. Their adaptable nature means they fit well into almost any household.
Shih Tzus need modest daily exercise — a couple of short walks and some indoor playtime is typically plenty. Their flat faces mean they can overheat in hot weather and struggle with intense exercise. They are happy to lounge on the sofa for most of the day, but a little daily activity keeps them healthy and prevents obesity.
The Shih Tzu's long, flowing coat is beautiful but high-maintenance. Without daily brushing, it mats quickly. Most Shih Tzu owners opt for a "puppy cut" (trimmed short all over) for easier maintenance. Show coats require daily intensive grooming and are typically reserved for show dogs or very dedicated owners.
Shih Tzus are intelligent and can learn a wide range of commands, but they are also famously stubborn. They were bred as companions, not working dogs, which means they may question why exactly they need to do something. Short, positive, reward-based sessions work best. Harsh training methods cause them to shut down entirely.
Shih Tzus can live remarkably long lives — 10–18 years is typical. Their main health concerns relate to their flat face and large prominent eyes. The eyes are particularly vulnerable to injury and conditions like dry eye. Regular vet check-ups and proactive care help Shih Tzus live long, healthy lives.
A Shih Tzu is an excellent choice for apartment dwellers, seniors, families with gentle children, and anyone who wants a loving, low-exercise companion. They need regular grooming investment. They're not suited for very active families wanting a jogging partner, or owners who are away from home for long hours regularly.
Getting portions right is one of the most important things you can do for your Shih Tzu's long-term health. Use these as starting guidelines and adjust based on your dog's body condition.
Based on a standard quality dry kibble (~350 kcal/cup). Always check the feeding chart on your specific brand and adjust for your dog's activity level and metabolism.
Look for foods where the first ingredient is a named animal protein. The best diets for this breed also address their specific health tendencies:
These common human foods can be toxic — even life-threatening — for your Shih Tzu. Keep them well out of reach.
A Shih Tzu's coat is their crowning glory — and it's directly influenced by what they eat. If the coat looks dull or the skin is flaky, try adding a fish oil supplement and switching to a higher-quality protein source. You'll often see improvement within 6–8 weeks.
The purchase price is just the beginning. Here's a realistic breakdown of what it costs to buy and own a Shih Tzu over their lifetime.
Beyond the purchase price, owning a Shih Tzu typically costs $100 – $200 per month. Here's where the money goes:
Over their full lifespan, a Shih Tzu typically costs $14,000 – $28,000 total — depending on health, lifestyle, and the services you use.
Learning to do basic Shih Tzu grooming at home — brushing daily and giving baths every 2–3 weeks — can save $600–$1,200/year in professional grooming costs. A quality slicker brush and dog-safe conditioner are your best investments.
Shih Tzus are mixed with other small breeds to create adorable, low-shedding companions. Here are the most popular Shih Tzu crosses.
One of the most popular small designer dogs — combines the Shih Tzu's affectionate, laid-back personality with the Poodle's intelligence and low-shedding coat. Shih-Poos are playful, gentle, and great for allergy sufferers.
A tiny, bold mix that pairs the Shih Tzu's sweetness with the Yorkie's feisty confidence. Shorkies are devoted to their owners, surprisingly brave for their size, and have beautiful silky coats.
A gentle, sweet-natured mix combining two of the world's oldest lap dog breeds. Mal-Shis are affectionate, low-energy, and typically hypoallergenic — ideal companions for seniors and apartment dwellers.
Nicknamed the 'Teddy Bear Dog' for their irresistibly fluffy, stuffed-animal appearance. Zuchons are sweet, playful, and social — they love everyone and adapt easily to families, seniors, and city life.
One of the world's oldest and most pampered breeds — the Shih Tzu has a history fit for royalty.